| Microorganism | Suspicious characteristics | Complementary means of diagnosis |
| Brucella spp. | Ingestion of animal products derived from unpasteurized milk Contact with animals | Blood culture; serology; cultural examination, immunohistology and surgicalsample PCR |
| C. burnetii | Contact with animals | Serology; cultural examination, immunohistology and surgicalsample PCR |
| Bartonella spp. | Nutrition and poor sanitary conditions (B. quintana) Contact with cats (B. henselae) | Blood culture; serology; cultural examination, immunohistology and surgicalsample PCR |
| T. whipplei | Clinical picture with diarrhea | Histology and surgical sample PCR |
| Mycoplasma spp. | Serology; cultural examination, immunohistology and surgicalsample PCR | |
| Legionella spp. | Nosocomial infection in patients with valvular prosthesis | Blood culture; serology; cultural examination, immunohistologyand surgicalsample PCR |
| C. pneumoniae | Association with aterosclerose and valvular disease; Cross-reaction with Bartonella spp. | Microimmunofluorescencetest; Serology; cultural examination, immunohistologyand surgicalsample PCR |